0 0000042145 00000 n 0000043474 00000 n 0000004415 00000 n 4627 0 obj <> endobj 0000044124 00000 n %PDF-1.4 %���� Dividend is defined under Section 2(35) of the Companies Act, 2013 as “Dividend includes any Interim Dividend”. This marked the establishment of a more comprehensive and dynamic legal framework for corporate governance. ICAI IPCC Registration. These measures to ensure greater vigilance are largely internal in nature with limited or no external oversight. 12. 4627 65 An OPC means a company with … The Company Act, 2013 replaced the 1956 Act on 12th September, 2013. 0000045245 00000 n 2595/- To Order. The Companies Act, 2013 has certainly added to the responsibilities of an independent auditor. There is a fee applicable for the same. Companies Act 2013 Details Companies Act, 1956 Companies Act, 2013 Parts/ Chapter 13 29 Sections 658 470* Schedules 15 7 No. Act, 2013 thought it fit to bring out this Ready Referencer on Companies Act, 2013, as a self learning aid to understand the basic tenets of the new Act. In other countries, the leading practice is to outsource such activity to a service provider for reasons of confidentiality, objectivity and the perceived ‘low-end/ mechanical’ nature of these tasks among others. 0000042770 00000 n The Companies Act, 2013 also includes specific provision stating that contracts or arrangement between two or more persons as regards share transfer be enforceable as contracts. The essay will cover the following insertions:-. Some points I need to highlight about Companies Act 2013 that there are some topics which are very important for CA IPCC examination. on 21 January 2016. 0000030275 00000 n 0000005690 00000 n Public Companies; and 3. The Companies Act, 2013 provides for the types of companies that can be promoted and registered under the Act. The Old Act was an enactment in the context of a closed economy and a system of permits and licenses. 4691 0 obj <>stream 0000009121 00000 n The concept of One Person Company (OPC) was introduced by the expert committee spearheaded by Dr. J. The same holds for preliminary evaluation, investigation, corrective action and reporting, which cannot possibly be handled by the audit committee for all the genuine concerns received by it. 0000046893 00000 n The Companies Amendment Act, No. The author have briefly highlighted the positive outcomes and the effect thereon. 0000001632 00000 n 0000045166 00000 n The word ‘company’ was derived from the Latin words Com=with or together : Panis =bread A company can be defined as an "artificial person", invisible, intangible, created under law, with a discrete legal entity, perpetual succession and a common seal. The Companies Act, 2013 was passed by Lok Sabha on the 18th of December 2012 and passed by the Rajya Sabha on 8thAugust 2013 and is all set to replace the 57 year old Companies Act, 1956. Therefore, in keeping the above in mind, it seems that this legislation is more of an “eye-wash” as it doesn’t provide effective protection to whistleblowers. Before any person deals with a company he must inspect its documents and establish … The Companies Act, 2013 was enacted on August 30, 2013. 0000005284 00000 n India is a country where corporates such as Tata Group among others have not only augmented to the economic growth of the country but have also been involved in social developments. of a special bench of the Supreme Court in State Trading Corporation of India v. CTO (AIR 1963 SC 1811). Artificial Person: The Company is called an Artificial Legal Person because it is invisible, intangible … The Companies Act 2013 consists of 470 sections (covered in 29 chapters) and 7 schedules as against 658 sections (covered in 13 parts) and 15 schedules of the Companies Act 2013. The EC[vii]defines CSR as “the responsibility of enterprises for their impacts on society”. The introduction of 1st generation reforms ushered in liberalization, privatization and globalization (“LPG”) necessitated proportional reforms in Company Law, which have only been introduced now under new the New Statute. Section 140 of the Companies Act, 2013 provides for Removal of Auditors. 0000046548 00000 n CA IPCC Companies Act 2013 Full Summary Notes: The articles below will help you with everything you will need to register for the IPCC Exam with exam dates, admit card and result. 0000046282 00000 n Introduction Companies Act, 2013 is an Act of the Parliament of India which regulates incorporation of a company, responsibilities of a company, directors, and dissolution of a company. Surely, one cannot expect the audit committee to receive calls or emails containing concerns. Copyright © 2020 Lawctopus. startxref The acceptance of new innovations such as One Person Company is an important step towards unleashing economic potential. apart from forming a public or private limited company, the 2013 Act enables the formation of a new entity a ‘one-person company’ (OPC). The Companies Bill, 2011 received the Presidential Assent on August 29, 2013. CSR has numerous advantages as it helps in gaining the trust of the society, satisfies employees and customers, develop positive image in the society, accelerates growth, strengthens public relations, attracts talent, keeps company’s name at the forefront through sponsorship of charitable events, helps accomplish long term benefits and several new business opportunities. Section 3 (1) of the Companies Act 2013 states that a company may be formed for any lawful purpose by— 1. seven or more persons, where the company to be formed is to be a public company; 2. two or more pers… Section 135 (5) along with one of its proviso recognizes the presence of a Board formed internally but it lacks a procedure wherein the report needs to be submitted to the Government or to a monitoring body. Companies Act 2013: New Ideas Introduction. 0000000016 00000 n 0000006932 00000 n It is worth noting that though the provisions for winding up under the Act were notified in December 2016, the Rules have only recently been framed. The intention behind the introduction of such a provision is to make sure that all companies give back something to society in one way or the other. 0000043856 00000 n According to Section 135, a company would be mandatorily required to keep 2% of its profits for “Corporate Social Responsibility”. On a corporate note, whistleblowing means calling the attention of the top management to wrongdoings and frauds occurring within an organization. The changes are a step forward in the right direction to smoothly run the management and affairs of the companies in the interest of stakeholders. 0000003696 00000 n 2. P� �kڻya�ߦ_!����B�:�CʆL����>�G� a��m Kamal Ega 2. This has been the conclusion. CA Intermediate new syllabus Thus, for OPC to be a success in the times to come, adequate precautions may be applied to avoid evasion and fraud as these issues will only crystallize further and may become a matter of grave concern in the future. 0000045856 00000 n 71 of 2008 (the Act) significantly changes the landscape of company law in South Africa. Conclusion. The Auditor for Government companies shall be appointed by CAG. However, concerns of tax evasion, investor and creditor protection need to be adequately addressed. 0000043145 00000 n The New Act envisages an efficacious corporate governance regime based on enhanced self-regulation and with corporate democracy. Implementation of Work From Home Policy in India in…, Non Performing Assets Against The Backdrop of Quid…, The Crumbling Pillar of Democracy: Is the Media…, Protection of Confidential Information: The Reality, Net worth of rupees five hundred crores or more, Turnover of rupees one thousand crores or more, Net profit of rupees five crores or more during any financial year. The Companies Act, 2013 empowers independent directors with proper checks and balances so that such extensive powers are not exercised in an unauthorized manner but in a rational and accountable way. This will make the definition of CSR more relaxed and flexible when it is actually used by a company to initiate an exercise attracting the mandatory provision of CSR. 0000047240 00000 n Cambridge Dictionary defines “Dividend as a payment by a company of a part of its profit to the people who own shares (= units of ownership) in the company” 0000009618 00000 n About the Book Companies Act, 2013 and Rules & Forms is the best seller from the house of Corporate Professionals, which has emerged as a leader in bringing out up-to-date books on the Companies Act, 2013 with more than 50,000 copies sold till…. The Companies Act 2013 Act eliminates the existing flexibility in having a financial year different than 31 March. A company, though a legal person, is not a citizen. However, the Companies Act, 2013 stipulates that the articles of the company can include entrenchment clauses. Having been successful in jurisdictions such as the USA, Australia, and EU, OPC is expected to perform similarly in India. Furthermore, OPC’s occupy a unique position distinct from that of a public or a private company and also enjoy simpler legal regimes with respect to procedural and structural framework. OPC’s are subject to relaxed legal compliances in matters pertaining to corporate filings such as Annual Returns[ii], Financial Statement[iii]; holding of Annual General Meetings[iv], Contracts[v] and General Management and Administration[vi]. Fast Track Mergers : The Companies Act, 2013 has separate provisions of fast track merger under Section 233 of Companies Act, 2013. 0000044898 00000 n The framework promotes new concepts of Corporate Social Responsibility and e-governance. 0000003545 00000 n This clearly leaves the question of compliance and enforcement unanswered. Along with this CA IPCC Companies Act 2013 Full Summary Notes article, you also must read the following articles. The New Act seeks to ensure stricter enforcement and investor/creditor protection. Other files by the user. 0000043395 00000 n This essay seeks to examine the scope and import of the reforms ushered in by the New Companies Act. Hey guys I am writing a blog specially for Summary Notes on Companies Act 2013 for CA IPCC students. �6aFR�ǺC��%��HEeh ��.+��Ҁ 5��d�8��xaU���6�t�v��*+ Section 399 allows any person to electronically inspect, make a record, or get a copy/extracts of any document of any company which the Registrar maintains. 0000046627 00000 n 0000028589 00000 n 0000042270 00000 n 0000041556 00000 n It is opined that the New Act has substantially ushered in desirable change in Company Law. The Companies Act, 1956 has been in force since the past 57 years. 0000046972 00000 n Now, it is pertinent to note that under Section-177(9)of the New Companies Act, it has been made mandatory for all listed companies or such class of companies to establish a vigil mechanism for directors and employees to report genuine concerns, wrongdoings in a manner as may be prescribed. Although the inclusion of Section 135 accompanies various benefits and is a step worthy of appreciation yet there remains a number of contradictions, which need to be addressed. 0000045935 00000 n xref 0000042645 00000 n This essay seeks to practically and legally examine the new insertions made by the New Act. Companies Act, 2013 Download Preview. 0000044551 00000 n There are several definitions of CSR all of which are distinct from one another yet they all focus on the impact of business enterprises on the society at large. The 2013 Act is divided into 29 chapters containing 470 sections as against 658 Sections in the Companies Act, 1956 and has 7 schedules. It was a broadly held opinion that the... One Person Company. 0000003294 00000 n Synopsis of Companies Act, 2013 1. These provisions are notwithstanding with the normal provisions of merger under Section 230 and 232 of this Act. The New act not only promotes greater transparency in the functioning of a company but also works towards achieving sustainability. India has always been at the forefront when it comes to volunteerism but such activities now coming under the New Act in the shape of CSR have become mandatory. The Act has replaced The Companies Act, 1956 (in a partial manner) after receiving the assent of the Pr… It was a broadly held opinion that the Company Law enactment requires radical reform in order for it to be in consonance with contemporary economic realities. 0000047588 00000 n 0000044472 00000 n Corporate Social Responsibility: The Companies Act 2013 stipulates certain class of Companies to … This is expected to only augment substantial Foreign Investments, Joint Ventures, and Mergers in startup enterprises. 0000008340 00000 n The Companies Act, No. The 2013 Act is divided into 29 chapters containing 470 clauses as against 658 Sections in the Companies Act, 1956. The Companies Act, 2013 CA Foundation Law Handwritten Notes ★ PREMIUM PDF NOTES: CA Foundation Business Law Brief PDF Notes for CA Foundation Nov 2020 Exam (Click Here) Presentation on companies act 2013... (2) 1. 0000043020 00000 n 0000006203 00000 n To completely meet their social responsibility, enterprises “should have in place a process to integrate social, environmental, ethical human rights and consumer concerns into their business operations and core strategy in close collaboration with their stakeholders”. Private Companies; 2. The Companies Act 2013 is an Act of the Parliament of India on Indian company law which regulates incorporation of a company, responsibilities of a company, directors, dissolution of a company. 0000043777 00000 n The term is now being heard more than ever before, as the media, corporates and the public are now becoming increasingly aware of the concept, but unfortunately up till the New Companies Act, 2013, there were no safeguards provided to a whistleblower. 0000045511 00000 n Adding to the criticism, the draft rules do not specify the activities of the audit committee. The procedure for removal of Auditor in a Private Limited Company and a Public Limited Company are one and the same. Definition of a Company A company simply means a group of persons associated for any common object such as business, charity, research etc. With the seeds of the concept of OPC sown firmly in the New Act, it will take time for this to incentivize innovation and entrepreneurial participation. 0000006540 00000 n endstream endobj 4690 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[268 4359]/Length 96/Size 4627/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream The 2013 Act provides that the financial year for all companies should end on 31 March, with certain exceptions approved by the National Company Law Tribunal. 0000043270 00000 n The New Act seeks to bolster the enforcement machinery by developing ‘vigil mechanisms’ within the corporations. Provisions of Companies Act, 2013 as notified (98+1+183= 282 Sections) 0000005399 00000 n N�2���i����>(�5�j�k�W��� �R`>z��4T./�SRUPs%��((��_) �̺��0��"�.���R�����U9��yVŔ�eV�M�cH��� �J��?�t��Vf����!_G����W��� 9�Ke�$ߤ����M'�o�3���Rw��l���/��m�����|��f�� ��r�%�8�C��+Zr�8�������@��s�ԅd�3[n.�hλr.����Mg��hٳR�9�DVD�&��n~����7���l]�7�pG�r^�ta;��1"�uxɼ�2����o�o�~\He��iR5��͙� 0000047319 00000 n Downloaded: 1182 times File size: 2.04 MB Rating: Rating: 1. The Old Act as an enactment was archaic both in time and thought in the context of the present form of the global business environment. 2013 (India) Section 2(62), [ii] Companies Act, 2013 (India) Section 93, [iii] Companies Act, 2013 (India) Section 2(40), [iv] Companies Act, 2013 (India) Section 96, [v] Companies Act, 2013 (India) Section 193, [vi] Companies Act, 2013 (India) Section 122, [vii]European Commission, Enterprise and Industry, available at http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/sustainable- business/corporate-social-responsibility/index_ en.htm (visited on March 29, 2014). All the shares are held by the President of India <<193D11DFCCCD5B4F85008C46F5A56236>]/Prev 437751/XRefStm 3294>> The introduction of this concept will give rise to enormous opportunities and access to corporate structures in the future. h���1 01��)T��"��'�jo���4���C. According to section 96 of the companies Act 2013, every company public and private company is required to hold one general meeting in a year supervised by its directors to evaluate the progress of the company and plan future course of action which is known as annual general meeting. Auditor Removal Procedure. INCORPORATION OF COMPANY AND MATTERS INCIDENTAL THERETO (Section 3 to 22) Winding up is to be resorted to only when revival is not feasible. The State Trading Corporation of India is incorporated as a private company under the Companies Act, 1956. 0000047932 00000 n trailer The Companies Act, 1956 has been in force since the past 57 years. The concept of One Person Company (OPC) was introduced by the expert committee spearheaded by Dr. J.J. Irani in 2005, as a revolutionary new concept enshrined in the New Act. The Companies Act 2013 is an Act of the Parliament of India on Indian company law which regulates incorporation of a company, responsibilities of a company, directors, dissolution of a company. All rights reserved. 0000042395 00000 n Thus, it becomes imperative that certain solutions in the form of an amendment to Schedule VII of the New Act are made. The documents include the certificate of incorporation of the company. According to the New Act, “One Person Company means a company which has only one person as a member.”[i] Further, OPC under Section 3 is classified as a ‘Private Company’. 0000008848 00000 n The need for building procedural and institutional safeguards can hardly be exaggerated. 0000009795 00000 n However, certain specific gray areas remain a challenge to implementation. hV]lU����w���A�Mc�&��� mgۙݡ����w�������[������� 4PC���P���j�c� $j R�A�A=3����}�&�ܹ�;�9�9gn!�C����#�.��H���]dXw̗F�.ӣ��~s��z��.�{��r�����#W���D}H�f���d���zǽ���F�{��eo���7��/���k�q���S�Y��U��5��Wn�3w�������L=^������W�xe����w����͒�tV����3B}���kk��L�cٺo��1��^٤b��h��ԃ�����p��vq믫����x��v1�ؠ�LF �Xk�Dy p�@Z�v0�(��2�-6kGgWcSs���Jm�(�]�?~��!$#�n�kk��`����N{����=��˹��#C���:; ���nkm�z��2q��*(��y��1�� �J-3�%`���q��qMp �b� 0000041262 00000 n 0000044819 00000 n 3 of 2011, signed by the President on 20 April 2011 underwent This section confers the right of inspection to all. The Tribunal may appoint an interim administrator or a company administrator from the panel of Company Secretaries,... 3. Cover Price Rs. The provision applies to all the companies who have: –. The Companies Act 1956 Act provided companies to elect financial year. 0000045590 00000 n [i] Companies act. The Ready Referencer introduces readers to the new concepts in the Companies Act, 2013 and lists out the salient features, of the law in a capsule form. 0000042895 00000 n However, currently there are only 438 (470-39+7) sections remains in this Act. This is to ensure that all corporates engaged in activities to fulfill, what is known as, “Corporate Social Responsibility”. NovoJuris Legal The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (the MCA) in the month of January & February 2019 has issued the following amendments notification under the Companies Act 2013 (the Act): Changes in Companies (Significant Beneficial Owners) Rules 2018 to identify individuals/entities having significant control over the affairs of a company One Person Company (to be formed as Private Limited). 0000010394 00000 n Therefore, with ambigious or no definitions, it leaves scope for the company to makes the vigil mechanism function at their suitability and take up grievances which conveniently come under their purview. The Act was signed by the President on 8 April 2009, but implementation was deferred to accommodate necessary amendments. Also, to enable stricter implementation of the provision, introduction of a supervisory body should be made. 0000004816 00000 n However, it lacks a pragmatic approach centered around compliance. %%EOF The three basic types of companies which may be registered under the Act are: 1. Whistleblowing is still at a nascent stage in India and most Indian companies do not use it as an effective tool against fraud.“[viii]Thus, it is of utmost importance that Indian corporates introduce such a mechanism to avoid any such losses in the future. This additional responsibility coupled with a necessity/ possible arrival of revised addendum (i.e revised CARO) will usher in a new era of challenges and greater transparency in reporting front. �{fgg��%`O������Y>!�/QVų�̬�rgģ��`� OPC may have a successful future but at the same time, inevitably, the concept faces shortcomings as One Person Company may pave room for evasion of tax liability and public funds. Another major loophole according to the author is that there is no particular authority to overlook precise and efficient adherence of the provision of CSR. 1.1 One-person company:The 2013 Act introduces a new type of entity to the existing list i.e. 0000046203 00000 n However, this change cannot be said to be in full measure. 0000030436 00000 n This dynamic concept seeks to synergize small and medium scale enterprises that are based on entrepreneurial acumen and individual initiative. The New Act under Section 135 provides for National Voluntary Guidelines for Social, Environmental and Economic Responsibilities of Business or the NVGs and the provision of Corporate Social Responsibility. �4Xbre]#@��$1Nz�Zannj���B`��"��u�=L&H�n7j��z[F�����0�Si�$�,�j�i�@V^b����6�!hvu �kŰ�I2�J��6)��R!��6�SX*��b�z��� ˁ�:>J@/nI�%p�ܠ$nv�#�n�� �N$�T��AZ|�|�(EÑN%�AB���t6�ve���To_?L���1����5��LfN���&��� H!��ب��� ۬���^�"dƏOLJn����4.�U��0i��,֩'��z���F�k��MN�g���+H�uY����K����͗_):�2=Eڵ*9�N;h��ࢨ����q�c��_4 Z#�vѡ5B��� .hDo?X�,}3MO��Y��������495�˕H&�T�Ųd�w1��E��!���M�.��S��pQ���yu�$�)6k_5S0$����Ο�����zEĦ�F�㰜�6y��-��,'��܌'�ѹ�L{�J�Gx �vO�n���+�� By now we know that the Memorandum and Articles of Associationare public documents. Editors Note: This papers essentially seeks to undertake a critical appraisal of certain new concepts introduced by the Companies Act, 2013 such as One Person Company, Corporate Social Responsibility and Vigil Mechanism. The term “whistle-blowing” originated from the practice of the British policemen who blew their whistles, whenever they witnessed the commission of a crime and wanted the public at large to take notice of such committee. Summary Notes on Companies Act 2013. However, as a new form of corporate structure, OPC shall be a potent vehicle of economic progress. As with other new provisions, The vigil mechanism to comes across as a half-hearted attempt as it has major lacunas. Download Other files in Corporate Law category. This document is highly rated … “Most frauds result in some form of business disruption as well as reputation and financial losses. An artificial person created under the Companies Act, 2013 with distinct characteristics of separate legal entity and perpetual succession. Further, new areas of the improvement shall emerge once the act in its entirety is implemented in the Indian context. 0000047667 00000 n There may also be a requirement to fulfill the minimum capital requirements to initiate and complete incorporation. Schedule VII of the New Act lists ten activities as CSR policies for a company inter alia being: – promotion of education, eradicating extreme hunger and poverty, etc. COMPANIES ACT, 2013 BY ROHIT KUMAR SINGH - B.COM,ACA, FCS, LLB(Gold Medallist); email – fcsrohit@gmail.com Page 7 of 222 Table containing provisions of Companies Act, 2013 as notified up to date and corresponding provisions thereof under Companies Act, 1956 S. No. The provision related to CSR forms the cornerstone of the New Act. The Companies Act, 2013 received the assent of the president on 29th August, 2013 and was notified in the Gazette of India on 30thAugust, 2013. Description: Companies Act, 2013 #pdf Submitted By: Arpit verma. 0000030346 00000 n These provisions facilitate Mergers & Acquisitions as they become less cumbersome. Since then, the new legislation has been enthusiastically accepted and lauded by most corporate personnel owing to the business-friendly corporate regulations and better and elaborate disclosure norms and for providing adequate protection to minorities. Some of the provisions of the Act have been implemented by a notification published on 12th September; 2013 … 0000020001 00000 n IBC Suspension: Too Much To Chew On For The Banks? If you want to know more about the topic click the below links. 0000042020 00000 n Jul 14, 2020 - Summary - The Companies Act, 2013 CA CPT Notes | EduRev is made by best teachers of CA CPT. On the other hand, the Companies Act, 2013 (“ Act “) (Chapter XX) elaborates the provisions for winding up a company for reasons other than the inability of the company to repay its debts. 0000042520 00000 n 0000044203 00000 n The age-old moral canon of CSR has for the first time been given the force of law in this act. 0000009766 00000 n Also, generally it has been seen that it is the former employees of a company who end up taking the role of whistleblowers but there is no safeguard provided to them under Section 177(9) of the New Act. [viii]ASSOCHAM and Ernst & Young, Whistle-blowing not used often by corporates for fraud prevention, says ASSOCHAM-E&Y study (Press Release), August 05, 2013. Sections in the functioning of a supervisory body should be made creditor protection need to highlight about Act. 2011 received the Presidential Assent on August 30, 2013 with distinct characteristics of separate legal and... 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August 29, 2013 supervisory body should be made ( OPC ) was introduced by the New Act seeks examine. Guys I am writing a blog specially for Summary Notes on Companies Act, 2013 has certainly added to criticism! That all corporates engaged in activities to fulfill, what is known as “! The same 2013 # pdf Submitted by: Arpit verma minimum capital requirements to initiate and complete incorporation defines. It is opined that the Memorandum and Articles of Associationare public documents –! Has been in force since the past 57 years introduction of this.. Ec [ vii ] defines CSR as “ the Responsibility of enterprises for their on... New concepts of corporate Social Responsibility and e-governance forms the cornerstone of the provision applies to all the Act! Ibc Suspension: Too Much to Chew on for the first time been given force... And the conclusion of companies act, 2013 thereon the Old Act was an enactment in the Companies Act, 1956 ) remains... Be a potent vehicle of economic progress separate legal entity and perpetual succession: Too Much to Chew for! Be appointed by CAG against 658 sections in the form of conclusion of companies act, 2013 structure OPC. A supervisory body should be made potent vehicle of economic progress to Chew on for the?... Csr as “ the Responsibility of enterprises for their impacts on society ” points I to. Types of Companies that can be promoted and registered under the Companies Bill, 2011 the! Act 1956 Act on 12th September, 2013 to corporate structures in form... An independent Auditor become less cumbersome the minimum capital requirements to initiate complete... In a Private Limited ) corporate democracy ensure greater vigilance are largely internal in nature with Limited or no oversight... Landscape of conclusion of companies act, 2013 Secretaries,... 3 a special bench of the New Act not only promotes greater transparency the... The certificate of incorporation of the reforms ushered in desirable change in Company law as Private Limited Company and system. Minimum capital requirements to initiate and complete incorporation this essay seeks to bolster the enforcement machinery by developing vigil! Panel of Company law independent Auditor remain a challenge to implementation of is... Clauses as against 658 sections in the future the context of a closed economy a... Expected to only augment substantial Foreign Investments, Joint Ventures, and Mergers in startup enterprises Ventures and. Inspection to all the Companies Act 2013 for CA IPCC examination be adequately.! With corporate democracy interim Dividend ” incorporated as a Private Company under the Act conclusion of companies act, 2013 entirety.
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