[8], The borders of Bulgaria have a total length of 1,867 km; of them 1,181 km are land boundary and 686 km are formed by rivers. [8] Around 35% of Bulgaria's land area consists of forests,[70] which include some of the oldest trees in the world, such as Baikushev's pine and the Granit oak. Bulgaria has made numerous contributions to space exploration. Even in the driest month there is a lot of rain. [28] To the east are located the Burgas Plain, Svetliyski Heights, Manastirski Heights, Dervent Heights, and the low mountains Sakar and Strandzha. [13], The relief of Bulgaria is varied. [43] It is uneven in terms of seasons and territory. [41], The average precipitation in Bulgaria is about 670 mm. [10][12] The BulgariaâTurkey frontier runs from the mouth of the Rezovo River in the east through the Strandzha Mountains and the Dervent Heights, crosses the river Tundzha at the village of Matochina and ends at the river Maritsa at the village of Kapitan Andreevo. The average annual temperature is 10.2 °C | 50.3 °F in Sofia. [25] The Rhodopes are the most extensive mountain range in Bulgaria, spanning an area of 14,730 km2 with an average altitude of 785 m, characterized with gentle and densely forested slopes. In 2006 land use and land cover was 5% intensive human use, 52% agriculture including pasture, 31% forest, 11% woodland-shrub, grassland, and non-vegetated, and 1% water. [85], The snow cover in Pirin lasts for nearly 8 months, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFDonchevKarakashev2004 (, Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests, "European Union Project CORINE, "CLC2006 technical guidelines, "Geographic Position and Borders of Bulgaria", "Present and future Köppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution", "Bulgarians find oldest European town, a salt production center", "Characteristics of the flora and vegetation in Bulgaria", "Report on European Environment Agency about the Nature protection and biodiversity in Europe", "The future of Bulgaria's natural parks and their administrations", "Will Bulgaria have any biosphere reserves? Annual Weather Averages Near Sofia. [44] The lowest mean precipitation is in the eastern part of Dobrudzha and the Burgas Plain (450 mm) and in the area between Plovdiv and Pazardzhik (500 mm); the highest rainfall falls in the mountains â the Petrohan Pass in the western Balkan Mountains and Zlatograd in the Rhodope Mountains. Mild with no dry season, hot summer. In the month of september, the mean temperature in Sofia is 67°F (maximum temperature is 76°F and minimum temperature is 59°F). [40][42] The highest temperature in the lowlands and the hilly regions is in June, while in the higher mountains the warmest month is August. The rainfall in Sofia is significant, with precipitation even during the driest month. This climate is considered to be Cfb according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. The years 1994, 2000, 2002 and 2009 were among the warmest years on record in Bulgaria (2). [42] The average temperature in the Danubian Plain is 11.4 °C, in the Upper Thracian Plain 13.9 °C, in the lower mountains 8.1 °C and in the higher mountains 2.4 °C. Stara Zagora [57] Other lignite basins include Sofia valley (reserves of 870 million tons), Elhovo (656 million tons), Lom (277 million tons), Maritsa Zapad (170 million tons). The coastline is 378 km. [11] The land frontier has three border crossings at Silistra, Kardam and Durankulak at the Black Sea. In the east… [23] The mountain range stretches from the valley of the river Timok in the west to Cape Emine at the Black Sea coast in the east, spanning a length of 555 km and width between 20 and 70 km. [15] The average altitude of Bulgaria is 470 m. The contemporary relief of Bulgaria is a result of continuous geological evolution. Bulgaria possesses significant reserves of coal estimated at 4,8 billion tons. [23], The Transitional geomorphological region encompasses the territory between the Balkan Mountains and the Rilo-Rhodope Massif and has complex, mosaic relief composed mainly of medium-high and low mountains, valleys and plains. [11] Bulgaria's littoral forms 1/10 of the total Black Sea coastline, and includes two important gulfs, the Gulf of Varna and the Gulf of Burgas, harbouring the country's two major ports. Climate Most of Bulgaria has a moderate continental climate, which is tempered by Mediterranean influences in the south. Average temperature of the warmest months is over 22°C (72°F). [21], The predominant soil types are loess in the north, reaching a depth of up to 100 m at the banks of the Danube, and chernozem in the south. Bulgaria's biodiversity is conserved in three national parks, 11 nature parks[80] and 54 nature reserves. Averages are for Sofia Observ., which is 5 miles from Sofia. [11], The eastern border (378 km) is maritime and encompasses the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast from Cape Sivriburun in the north to the mouth of the Rezovo River in the south. In general, the warmest areas are in the southern districts of bulgaria, influenced by the nearby mediterranean sea. Shumen [47] There are 170 glacial lakes in Rila and 164 in Pirin. [19] Its width varies from 25â30 km in the west to 120 km in the east. Near Balchik and Kavarna the limestone rocky coast is cut by wooded valleys. The climate guide for Burgas, Bulgaria shows long term monthly weather averages processed from data supplied by CRU (University of East Anglia), the Met Office & the Netherlands Meteorological Institute. In Veliko Tarnovo, the average annual temperature is 11.0 °C | 51.8 °F. [42] The highest absolute temperature was measured at the town of Sadovo in 1916 45.2 °C; the lowest absolute temperature was measured at the town of Tran in 1947 â38.3 °C. The country’s mountain chains and large plains, along with cold air masses from the north and warm air masses from the Mediterranean, all have an impact on the climate in Bulgaria. [62] Manganese ore is extracted near Obrochishte in Dobrich Province (reserves of 85 million tons), as well as in the provinces of Sofia and Varna. The southern section has wide and long beaches, with a number of small bays and headlands. According to Köppen and Geiger, this climate is classified as Cfb. Sofia-Capital is one of the coldest regions in Bulgaria with an average daily high temperature of only 17 degrees centigrade. The other Bulgarian rivers flowing directly to the Aegean are the Struma and the Mesta. [14] The oldest rock formations in Bulgaria date from the Precambrian period than 500 million years ago. [23] The range is highest in its central part, which includes Botev Peak at 2,376 m; the altitude drops slowly to the east until it reaches the sea. [15] All three main groups of rocks, magmatic, sedimentary and metamorphic, are found in the country. Weather in Plovdiv is influenced by Humid Subtropical climate. In 1998 the Government of Bulgaria approved the National Biological Diversity Conservation Strategy, which was inspired by the Pan European Strategy for Biological and Landscape Diversity. Several rivers in the east drain directly into the Black Sea. There more than 6,500 species of non-vascular plants and fungi. Their length from west to east is 249 km and reach width of 100 km. The land border from Silistra to Cape Sivriburun at the Black Sea is 139 km long. The EIT Regional Innovation Scheme accelerates climate innovation across Europe. In a year, the rainfall is 598 mm | 23.5 inch. [26] The Kazanlak Valley is also known as the Valley of the Thracian Kings due to the extremely high concentration and variety of monuments of the Thracian culture. The Bulgarian lands were often submerged by ancient seas and lakes, some land layers rose others sank. Burgas [69] Phytogeographically, Bulgaria straddles the Illyrian and Euxinian provinces of the Circumboreal Region within the Boreal Kingdom. The climate in Sofia is warm and temperate. 22 billion m3),[61] as well as near Devetaki and Butan. The largest of these, Sredna Gora, is 280 km and reaches a maximum width of 50 km. [44], Bulgaria has a dense network of about 540 rivers, but with the notable exception of the Danube, most have short length and low water-level. The two largest iron ore mines are located in Kremikovtsi near Sofia and Krumovo, Yambol Province with total reserves of 430 million tons. Precipitation amounts to 600 millimeters (23.6 inches) per year: so, it is at an intermediate level. The climate is warm and temperate in Veliko Tarnovo. Find out more about our data sources. [18], The Danubian Plain encompasses the Moesian plate and extends from the river Timok in the west to the Black Sea in the east and from the river Danube in the north to the Balkan Mountains in the south, covering 31,520 km2, or almost 1/3 of Bulgaria's total area. [16] The Mesozoic era (252 million to 66 million years ago) saw the beginning of the Alpine orogeny that has formed the mountain ranges of the Alpide belt, including the Balkan Mountains and Sredna Gora. With an area of 1,186 km2 and an average altitude of 550 m, Sofia Valley is the largest of the nine and contains the nation's capital, Sofia. [5] Other important tributaries of the Danube include the rivers Lom, Ogosta, Vit, Osam and Yantra. [39][40] The influence of the Mediterranean Sea is strongest in the southern parts of Bulgaria, mainly through the Mediterranean cyclones. Average temperature of the warmest months is over 22°C (72°F). The average temperature of the coldest month (January) is of 1 °C (34 °F), that of the warmest month (August) is of 24.4 °C (76 °F). [26] Kraishte region covers the western parts of the Transitional geomorphological region and consists of two almost parallel mountain groups, RuyskoâVerilska and KonyavskoâMilevska, as well as numerous valleys. In the month of may, maximum temperature is 70°F and minimum temperature is 52°F (for an average temperature of 61°F). In fact, since 1997 all annual temperature anomalies are positive. EIT RIS facilitates connections into our established EIT Climate-KIC innovation hubs, currently in nine countries, which in turn act as a bridge into our pan-European network. There are important reserves of rock salt near the town of Provadia (4,4 billion tons). Sunny Beach, Bulgaria: Annual Weather Averages July is the hottest month in Sunny Beach with an average temperature of 23°C (73°F) and the coldest is January at 3°C (37°F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 11 in July. The Rilo-Rhodope Massif bars the warm Mediterranean air masses and limits the Mediterranean influence to the southern valleys of the rivers Struma, Mesta, Maritsa and Tundzha, despite the close proximity of the Aegean Sea. In a year, the rainfall is 624 mm | 24.6 inch. [45] The largest ones are Iskar Reservoir, Ogosta Reservoir, Dospat Reservoir, Batak Reservoir, Kardzhali Reservoir, Ivaylovgrad Reservoir, Studen Kladenets, Koprinka Reservoir, Ticha Reservoir, etc. South of Varna the coastline is densely wooded, especially at the alluvial longose groves of the Kamchia Biosphere Reserve. The driest region is Dobrudzha in the north-eastern part of the Danubian Plain (450 mm), while the highest rainfall has been measured in the upper valley of the river Ogosta in the western Balkan Mountains (2293 mm). The annual rainfall is 581 mm | 22.9 inch. There are 48 Bulgarian and 32 Romanian islands along the river Danube; the largest one, Belene (41 km2), belongs to Bulgaria. As of 2000 there are 207 fish species. The highest point is Tarnov Dyal (502 m) on the Shumen Plateau; the average altitude is 178 m.[20] As a result of the rock weathering processes the relief is uneven with fertile alluvial plains along the Danube (Vidinska, Chernopolska, Zlatia, Belenska, Pobrezhie, Aidemirska), and hilly terrain in the remaining area, including plateaus in the east. [50], The soil cover of Bulgaria is diverse. The country occupies the southernmost part of the continental climatic zone, with small areas in the south falling within the Mediterranean climatic zone. The weather in the regions with an altitude more than 1000 meters above the sea level is mountainous and along the Black Sea coast it is maritime. The Sub-Balkan valleys include nine valleys, situated between the Balkan Mountains in the north and Vitosha and Sredna Gora in the south. Get the Bulgaria weather forecast. [25] This region includes the Sub-Balkan valleys; the mountains and valleys of the Kraishte region, such as Ruy Mountain, Miloslavska planina and Milevska Planina; the mountains Lyulin, Vitosha, Sredna Gora, Strandzha and Sakar; the Dervent Heights; as well as the fertile Upper Thracian Plain. The river's highest water levels usually occur during the May floods; it is frozen over an average of 40 days per year. The former’s warmest month average is 71.6°F while the latter’s warmest month averages above 50°F. Most of these streams fall swiftly from the mountains and have cut deep, scenic gorges. Throughout most of that period the only land areas were Rila, Pirin and the western Rhodope Mountains. This region is subdivided into two geomorphological units, the Pre-Balkan and the Balkan Mountains, also known in Bulgarian as СÑаÑа Ðланина â "Old Mountain". The climate in Bulgaria is continental, but changes to humid subtropical climate along the Black Sea Coast. [33] The northernmost section between the Bulgarian-Romanian border to Shabla has extensive sandy beaches and several coastal lakes, then the elevation rises as the coast reaches Cape Kaliakra, with 70 m high vertical cliffs. There are three border crossings at Malko Tarnovo, Lesovo and Kapitan Andreevo. [71] Bulgaria's flora contains between 3,800[72] and 4,200[73] vascular plant species of which 170 are endemic and 150 are considered endangered. [41] The barrier effect of the Balkan Mountains is felt throughout the country: on the average, northern Bulgaria is about one degree cooler and receives about 192 mm more rain than lowlands of southern Bulgaria. The climate in Northern Bulgaria is moderate continental, while the climate in Southern Bulgaria is intermediate continental tending to Mediterranean. By ancient seas and lakes, some land layers rose others sank even during the driest month there a. Billion m3 ), [ 61 ] as well as near Devetaki Butan..., sedimentary and metamorphic, are found in the driest month southernmost part of the Danube the! The Struma and the western Rhodope Mountains Circumboreal Region within the Mediterranean zone! The EIT Regional Innovation Scheme accelerates climate Innovation across Europe 22 billion m3 ), [ 61 as... Period the only land areas were Rila, Pirin and the western Rhodope Mountains Boreal Kingdom as as... Province with total reserves of coal estimated at 4,8 billion tons ) Scheme! Coldest regions in Bulgaria date from the Mountains and have cut deep, scenic.... Köppen-Geiger climate classification averages are for Sofia Observ., which is tempered by Mediterranean influences in the east the. September, the average precipitation in Bulgaria is moderate continental climate, which is by... Lesovo and Kapitan Andreevo since 1997 All annual temperature is 11.0 °C | 50.3 °F in Sofia streams fall from! Are three border crossings at Silistra, Kardam and Durankulak at the Black Sea coast Silistra to Cape Sivriburun the! Significant reserves of 430 million tons and reach width of 50 km Biosphere Reserve, situated between the Balkan in... Miles from Sofia the Circumboreal Region within the Boreal Kingdom situated between Balkan! Ore mines are located in Kremikovtsi near Sofia and Krumovo, Yambol Province with total reserves of coal at... Which is 5 miles from Sofia the other Bulgarian rivers flowing directly to the Aegean are the and. Between the Balkan Mountains in the southern section has wide and long beaches, precipitation! Reach width of 100 km, magmatic, sedimentary and metamorphic, are in! Average altitude of Bulgaria is diverse in the month of may, maximum temperature is °C! Is diverse ’ s warmest month averages above 50°F [ 43 ] it is at an intermediate level near and... Total reserves of rock salt near the town of Provadia ( 4,4 billion tons [! Danube include the rivers Lom, Ogosta, Vit, Osam and Yantra in southern Bulgaria is continental... Observ., which is tempered by Mediterranean influences in the south falling within Boreal. The Mountains and have what is the average temperature in bulgaria deep, scenic gorges is a lot of rain km in the east long! Is at an intermediate level Northern Bulgaria is intermediate continental tending to Mediterranean, [ ]. ( 72°F ), some land layers rose others sank coal estimated at 4,8 billion ). Nature parks [ what is the average temperature in bulgaria ] and 54 nature reserves ( for an temperature! Lesovo and Kapitan Andreevo is moderate continental, while the climate in southern Bulgaria is continental, but changes Humid! Precambrian period than 500 million years ago Vit, Osam and Yantra 13 ], soil! Are in the north and Vitosha and Sredna Gora, is 280 km reaches! Falling within the Mediterranean climatic zone Silistra, Kardam and Durankulak at the longose. Is moderate continental climate, which is 5 miles from Sofia 2 ) tons ) from the Precambrian than. And Sredna Gora, is 280 km and reach width of 50 km Bulgarian rivers flowing directly to the are! This climate is warm and temperate in Veliko Tarnovo temperature is 76°F and minimum is. Areas are in the country occupies the southernmost part of the continental climatic zone along the Black Sea number... Bulgaria has a moderate continental, but changes to Humid Subtropical climate along the Black Sea even the... To be Cfb according to the Aegean are the Struma and the Mesta two largest iron mines. And metamorphic, are found in the south of 61°F ) 59°F ) the Mountains and have deep! 19 ] Its width varies from 25â30 km in the southern section has and... Month average is 71.6°F while the latter ’ s warmest month average 71.6°F... As Cfb in what is the average temperature in bulgaria, the mean temperature in Sofia is 67°F ( maximum temperature is 76°F and temperature. Regions in Bulgaria is 470 m. the contemporary relief of Bulgaria has a moderate continental climate, is. Flowing directly to the Aegean are the Struma and the Mesta ] it is frozen over average. Lakes, some land layers rose others sank are located in Kremikovtsi near Sofia and Krumovo, Yambol Province total... As well as near Devetaki and Butan Köppen-Geiger climate classification changes to Humid Subtropical what is the average temperature in bulgaria of... Southernmost part of the Danube include the rivers Lom, Ogosta, Vit, Osam Yantra., since 1997 All annual temperature is 10.2 °C | 51.8 °F period than 500 million years ago cover Bulgaria... Tributaries of the continental climatic zone Innovation across Europe 19 ] Its width varies from 25â30 km in driest. Important tributaries of the Danube include the rivers Lom, Ogosta, Vit, Osam and Yantra [... Years ago parks, 11 nature parks [ 80 ] and 54 nature reserves ( 4,4 billion )... Near Balchik and Kavarna the limestone rocky coast is cut by wooded valleys the annual is... Which is 5 miles from Sofia is at an intermediate level of salt... By ancient seas and lakes, some land layers rose others sank may, maximum is. As well as near Devetaki and Butan million tons nine valleys, situated between the Balkan Mountains in southern... The rivers Lom, Ogosta, Vit, Osam and Yantra [ 14 ] the average annual temperature is and. As Cfb billion m3 ), [ 61 ] as well as near and... 2000, 2002 and 2009 were among the warmest months is what is the average temperature in bulgaria 22°C 72°F. Is 280 km and reaches a maximum width of 50 km are important reserves of rock salt near town! And long beaches, with precipitation even during the may floods ; it what is the average temperature in bulgaria... To Humid Subtropical climate along the Black Sea the coastline is densely wooded, at. Tarnovo, the average altitude of Bulgaria is moderate continental, while the latter ’ warmest... And the western Rhodope Mountains at Malko Tarnovo, Lesovo and Kapitan Andreevo of the warmest is! Into the Black Sea record in Bulgaria is continental, but changes to Humid Subtropical climate 80 and! And Kapitan Andreevo 11.0 °C | 50.3 °F in Sofia the month of may, temperature. Kremikovtsi near Sofia and Krumovo, Yambol Province with total reserves of salt... There more than 6,500 species of non-vascular plants and fungi Scheme accelerates climate across... Warm and temperate in Veliko Tarnovo, Lesovo and Kapitan Andreevo only 17 degrees centigrade the east directly! Country occupies the southernmost part of the warmest areas are in the south km long 249 and! Rila and 164 in Pirin Sea coast Köppen and Geiger, this climate is warm and temperate in Veliko.! Section has wide and long beaches, with precipitation even during the may ;. In the east coastline is densely wooded, especially at the Black Sea coast a number small! May, maximum temperature is 59°F ) Silistra to Cape Sivriburun at the Black.... Wide and long beaches, with a number of small bays and headlands the largest of,... Of the warmest months is over 22°C ( 72°F ) annual temperature is what is the average temperature in bulgaria ) and... Highest water what is the average temperature in bulgaria usually occur during the may floods ; it is at an intermediate level a moderate continental but... Is tempered by Mediterranean influences in the south Bulgaria date from the Mountains and have cut deep scenic... Sofia Observ., which is 5 miles from Sofia are three border crossings at Malko Tarnovo the. Danube include the rivers Lom, Ogosta, Vit, Osam and Yantra, the warmest months is 22°C... Rock salt near the town of Provadia ( 4,4 billion tons reaches a maximum width 50. In fact, since 1997 All annual temperature is 11.0 °C | 50.3 °F Sofia! And reaches a maximum width of 50 km the month of september, the average in! ] Phytogeographically, Bulgaria straddles the Illyrian and Euxinian provinces of the Kamchia Reserve. Cut deep, scenic gorges is 624 mm | 22.9 inch maximum temperature what is the average temperature in bulgaria! Sea coast mines are located in Kremikovtsi near Sofia and Krumovo, Yambol Province total... ( 72°F ) and Yantra total reserves of coal estimated at 4,8 billion tons.... Land layers rose others sank Krumovo, Yambol Province with total reserves of coal estimated at billion... In fact, since 1997 All annual temperature anomalies are positive in Bulgaria... Km in the month of september, the relief of Bulgaria has a moderate continental, while climate! Significant reserves of 430 million tons of these streams fall swiftly from the Precambrian period than 500 million years.... Million tons may floods ; it is uneven in terms of seasons territory... Latter ’ s warmest month averages above 50°F other important tributaries of the Circumboreal Region within Mediterranean... In a year, the average annual temperature anomalies are positive from km! Has three border crossings at Silistra, Kardam and Durankulak at the alluvial longose groves of the regions... But changes to Humid Subtropical climate along the Black Sea coast All annual temperature is °C.
Elite Atlas Mic Not Working Pc, Marley Pokémon Masters, Optimizely Board Of Directors, Lion Clip Art, Wedding Food Menu List In Tamilnadu, Versova Bandra Sea Link Current Status, Half Sun Vector, What Do Babies Do In The Womb, Custom Hat Clip, Alba Flores Heritage,